Commodore 64

The best seller. PLA and VIC-II run hot.

Open the Commodore 64 in Retro Bench
Also
C64 / C64C / SX-64
Year
1982
CPU
6510 @ 1.02/0.985 MHz
RAM
64 KB (38,911 free)
ROM
BASIC 2.0 + KERNAL + char
Video
VIC-II 6567/6569
Sound
SID 6581/8580
OS
Commodore BASIC 2.0

Chips

ChipWhereRole
PLA 82S100U17Address decode + bank switching
251715-01 / 252535-01 memory controller (C64C)U8 (250469 boards: 251715-01 on rev A, 252535-01 on rev B)PLA, DRAM address multiplexer and chip selects in one chip (C64C short board)
6567 / 6569 VIC-IIU19Video + DRAM refresh + CPU clock
6510 CPUU7CPU
6581 / 8580 SIDU18Sound + paddle A/D
6526 CIAU1 (CIA1), U2 (CIA2)Keyboard, joysticks, serial, user port
4164 DRAM 64K×1U9-U12, U21-U24Main RAM (8 chips = 64 KB)
4464 / 41464 DRAM 64K x 4U9, U10 (250466; U10, U11 on the 250469)Dynamic RAM, 64K x 4. Main RAM on the BBC Master; reported on later 130XE boards.
2114 SRAM 1K x 4Static RAM (ZX80 and ZX81 1K)
2364 Mask ROM 8K×8U3 (BASIC 901226), U4 (KERNAL 901227)BASIC and KERNAL ROMs (C64); BASIC and KERNAL (VIC-20, PET); character ROM (C128)
23128 Mask ROM 16K×8U4 (251913-01: BASIC and KERNAL in one ROM; 250469 boards only)BASIC and KERNAL ROMs (C16, Plus/4, C64C short board, C128)
2332 Mask ROM 4K×8U5 (character 901225)Character ROM (C64, VIC-20, PET)
8701 / 7701 clock generatorU31 (250425, 250466); U20 on the 250469Dot clock and color clock from one crystal (later C64 boards, C128)

Ports and connectors

Power rails

RailExpectMeasure at
+5 V DC+5 V UNVERIFIED6510 pin 6 (8500 on the 250469)
9 V ACAbout 9 V AC between the two 9 V AC pins (DIN pins 6-7)c64-power pins 6, 7 (power DIN)
9 V ACAbout 9 V AC between the two 9 V AC pins (DIN pins 6-7)c64-power pins 6, 7 (power DIN)
+12 V (VIC-II and 6581 Vdd)About +12 VVIC-II pin 13; SID pin 28
SID supply (+9 V or +12 V)About +12 V with a 6581, about +9 V with an 8580SID pin 28

Symptoms